Since 1992, the Shanghai City People's Government has announced four batches of 632 buildings, with 2138 excellent historical buildings. In addition, 12 historical and cultural areas with a total area of 27 km2 in the central Urban area and 32 rural areas with a total area of 14 km2 have been announced one after another. The protection and utilization of excellent historical buildings is conducive to protecting our traditional culture, continuing the context of urban development, maintaining the characteristics and diversity of the city, and promoting economic development.
In recent years, Shanghai has paid more and more attention to the protection and utilization of excellent historical buildings, and has achieved many results, but breakthroughs have still been unable to be made on some key issues. For example, the safety assessment and earthquake assessment of excellent historical buildings are carried out according to general existing buildings. The load models and resistance effect models used are very different from the actual situation. The contradiction between building protection and structural safety, especially earthquake resistance, is difficult to resolve; When protected buildings are affected by adjacent construction, the means to comprehensively track and monitor them are not complete. In addition, the utilization of excellent historical buildings lacks sustainability, and most of the repair designs only focus on the original restoration of damaged parts, the excavation of their historical value, and the improvement of their functions. This topic focuses on reshaping the load models, partial coefficients, and evaluation models in the safety assessment and earthquake assessment of excellent historical buildings, and solves key difficulties in sustainable use design technology. The core innovative results are as follows:
1. A new safety assessment and earthquake assessment method for excellent historical buildings is proposed. By setting target service periods such as 10 years, 20 years, and 30 years, the load effect is reduced, the reinforcement cost is greatly reduced, and excellent historical buildings can be better protected. The special value of the building largely solves the contradiction between safety and protection. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for the safety of excellent historical buildings based on hidden danger analysis can realize the safety problems caused by building appendages and non-structural components that cannot be considered in structural theoretical calculations, and ensure the safety of the building on a larger scale, not just the safety of the structure.
2. A set of health monitoring equipment suitable for excellent historical buildings has been developed and corresponding software has been compiled. It has the advantages of real-time, automatic acquisition, wireless transmission, etc., and can also carry out crack changes, stress, strain, etc. that cannot be achieved by traditional monitoring methods., more comprehensively grasp the real-time status of the structure. The error between measured values and software theoretical values is less than ±2%.
3. Put forward the design principles for the sustainable use of excellent historical buildings, and provide solutions to the technical difficulties existing in how to achieve authenticity, integrity, minimum intervention, effective protection, and reasonable utilization. At the same time, key technologies such as functionality, safety, durability, comfort, the relationship between old and new buildings, and sustainable utilization technologies existing in sustainable utilization design are studied and optimized.
4. Put forward research conclusions and make specific and clear design guidelines on the cooperation of various design stages, disciplines, technical routes, design depth and technical points of sustainable utilization design technology, and implement the systematic nature of the protection and utilization design of excellent historical buildings. Scientific principles are used to guide design practice.
5. Proposed specific measures for multi-indicator coding classification, repair intervention level concepts and management optimization for the city's excellent historical buildings.
The research team pays attention to the transformation of results and promptly applies scientific research results to the protection and utilization projects of outstanding representative historical buildings in Shanghai. They are used in the testing, identification, repair, design, reinforcement and restoration of a large number of excellent historical buildings such as the North Building of the Peace Hotel, the South Building of the Peace Hotel, Dongfeng Hotel, Science Hall, and the site of the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China., Bund Yuanyifeng Building, achieving an output value of as much as 200 million yuan and a profit of tens of millions of yuan, which has been recognized and praised by all walks of life.
The research results have been used in the Technical Regulations for Renovation of Excellent Historical Buildings (Revised).
This project obtained 1 patent, published 2 monographs, and published 19 papers.