1. technical name

Integration and demonstration of green, efficient and high-yield wheat varieties

2. technology type

Full life cycle resource conservation and recycling technology

3. scope of application

Crop variety selection and application promotion fields

4. Brief description of technology

Technical principles: Based on the ecological and environmental conditions and technical needs of local wheat production, we will conduct targeted variety introduction and test demonstrations locally, and conduct large-scale demonstrations of materials with excellent performance. Based on the characteristics of pests and diseases in local wheat production, especially the occurrence of wheat stripe rust, powdery mildew and aphids, research and screening on individual technologies such as relevant epidemic laws, bacterial physiological race monitoring, new pesticide screening and efficient utilization were carried out; based on the current situation of chemical fertilizer application and water resource utilization, carry out research on efficient application technologies of water and fertilizer. Integrate a green and efficient wheat technology model that integrates varieties and individual technologies.

5. technical information

Grain yield is increased by 10% compared with local varieties; medication is saved twice during the entire growth period; chemical nitrogen is saved by more than 20%; and water is saved by more than 30%.

6. Commercial applications

no

7. Help/support you hope to receive during the technology transfer process

no

8. equipment investment

During the application of high-efficiency wheat varieties, suitable agricultural machinery and tools should be selected according to the size of the sowing area. When the sowing area is large, there are 2 soil rotary tillers, 10,000 yuan per set, totaling 20,000 yuan; 2 wheat seeders, 10,000 yuan per set, totaling 20,000 yuan; and 2 regional combine harvesters, totaling 180,000 yuan per set, totaling 36,000 yuan, totaling 40,000 yuan.

9. Annual operation and maintenance fee

Winter wheat: The sowing quantity is 15 kg/mu (90.00 yuan), the pure N:P of chemical fertilizer is 10: 7.2 kg/mu (120 yuan), various pesticides such as herbicides and fungicides are 20.00 yuan/mu, the fuel consumption of rotary tillers, seeders, and harvesters is 50.00 yuan/mu, labor miscellaneous fees are 200.00 yuan/mu, and equipment depreciation and maintenance costs are 10.00 yuan/mu. The total is 490.00 yuan/mu. Spring wheat: ① In water land, the sowing rate is 25 kg/mu (100.00 yuan), the pure N:P of chemical fertilizer is 12.8: 9.2 kg/mu (156.00 yuan), and the water fee is 40.00 yuan/mu (estimated based on the average water fee of Hexi Corridor is 0.2 yuan/m3). The others are the same. The total amount of each item is 601 yuan/mu.② The sowing rate in dry land is 11 kg/mu (44 yuan), and the pure N:P of chemical fertilizer is 8.7: 6.9 kg/mu (101 yuan). The others are the same as above. The total amount of each item is 406 yuan/mu. By averaging the total costs of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, water bills, machine farming fees, personnel labor costs, etc. incurred during winter and spring wheat planting, the operating cost per mu of wheat is 490 yuan.

10. investment recovery period

The agricultural equipment required by high-efficiency wheat varieties during the cultivation process is basically the same as that of conventional wheat, and there is no cost of new agricultural machinery. According to the average increase in wheat grain yield in winter and spring by 25.6 kg/mu ([winter wheat 27kg/mu + spring wheat water 35 kg/mu + spring wheat dry land 15 kg/mu]/3=25.6 kg/mu), the market price unit price is calculated by 2.4 yuan/kg and the increase in by-products is 4.5 yuan/mu, and the increase in income per mu is 66 yuan. That year, the planting area reached 2000 acres, which could increase income by 132,000 yuan/year, and recover all investment in 3 years (400,000 yuan ÷ 132,000 yuan/year ≈3 years). The above data reflects from the side that growing wheat is relatively low, the static investment payback period is long, and the lack of market competitiveness. However, in actual operation, due to the abundant agricultural machinery market, hardware input costs can be greatly reduced through leasing, resulting in benefits that year.

11. added benefit

no

12. comprehensive benefits

The grain increase per mu increased by 27.5 kg. Based on the seed market price of 2.4 yuan/kg, the grain increase per mu increased by 66 yuan. In addition, spraying pesticides 1-2 times per mu will reduce pesticide costs by 10 yuan; applying 3 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, equivalent to 6.5 kg of urea. Calculated based on the market price of urea 2 yuan/kg, saving fertilizer fees by 13 yuan; irrigated land saves 45m3 of water per mu, calculated based on the water price of 0.2 yuan/m3, saving water bill by 9 yuan. A total of 97 yuan was added in benefits per mu.

13. Level of impact of obstacles on technology transfer

no

14. technology maturity

(1) Solid research foundation. The Wheat Research Institute has long been engaged in winter and spring wheat research and has a good theoretical foundation; research on pests represented by wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew has a research history of more than 60 years in the Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with a solid theoretical foundation. (2) The technologies and products developed have independent intellectual property rights. The Lantian series of winter wheat varieties and the Longchun series of spring wheat varieties carried out in this project are both developed by the Wheat Research Institute of Gansu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and there is no other controversy. Research on comprehensive pest prevention and control technology represented by wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew was also developed by the team of the Plant Protection Research Institute. (3) Highly advanced technology. The selected Lantian series of winter wheat varieties have the characteristics of immunity or high resistance to stripe rust, and the Longchun series of spring wheat varieties have the characteristics of water-saving and high fertilizer efficiency. Both of them have the production characteristics of high yield, high quality and stress resistance. Its promotion and application have promoted the transformation of local high-energy-consuming wheat into a green, cost-saving and efficient production method. Comprehensive technical integration and demonstration field construction in the core area have set a model for standardized field management and prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds. The application of high land yield and technological achievements in water, fertilizer and medicine conservation has provided new momentum for the growth mode of wheat production, built a bridge for the connection between science and enterprises, and promoted the green, healthy and sustainable development of the local wheat industry.

15. technical applicability

(1) Similar ecological conditions. Looking at the countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, their ecological conditions for wheat planting are relatively similar to those of Gansu Province. Especially in terms of the occurrence of pests, it is basically consistent with Gansu. (2) Have an excellent early foundation. The Lantian series of winter wheat varieties selected by our unit's winter wheat team have the characteristics of high quality and high yield, cold and drought resistance, immunity or high resistance to stripe rust and moderate resistance to powdery mildew. Wide suitability. Dryland varieties Lantian 15 and Lantian 26 were introduced to Almaty, Kazakhstan. Their resistance to rust, cold and drought were outstanding, and their yields were much higher than those of local varieties. It is expected to be widely promoted in Central Asia.

16. technical stability

(1) Good yield stability. Lantian series of winter wheat varieties and Longchun series of spring wheat varieties are all selected through strict pedigree methods. The interaction effect between the genotype and the environment is low, the agronomic and quality traits are less affected by the geographical and ecological environment, the variation range is narrow, the variety has good static stability, and is insensitive to changes in water resources and soil fertility. In terms of disease resistance, different varieties carry one or more resistance genes. (2) Strong resistance. For example, the winter wheat variety Lantian 26 carries multiple different stripe rust resistance genes and has strong resistance to stripe rust; the new variety Longchun 40 is resistant to stripe rust. (3) High water and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Spring wheat variety Longchun 30 increased its yield by 12.23% compared with local fields under the conditions of saving water by 20% and saving chemical nitrogen by 20%, increasing its water use efficiency (WUE) by 22.82%, and increasing its nitrogen fertilizer agronomic use efficiency (ANUE) by 40.90%. Spring wheat variety Longchun 35 has strong drought resistance, with an average yield of 175-260 kg per mu in rain-fed areas of central Gansu, an increase of 8%-15% compared with the local control variety. (4) Wide adaptability. Winter wheat variety Lantian No. 26 has been promoted a total of 864,200 acres in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2019, playing a positive role in ensuring local food security and controlling the occurrence and prevalence of wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew. Longchun 30 has shown good yield potential in Qinghai Huzhu, Ningxia Guyuan, Xinjiang Zhaosu, Bayannur and Hulunbuir in Inner Mongolia.

17. technical safety

(1) It has the characteristics of green development. The varieties have strong stress resistance, strong efficient utilization of water and fertilizer, low use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and low probability of farmland environmental pollution. (2) High technical maturity. Research on pest prevention and control, represented by wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew, has been well applied in Gansu Province and similar areas in China. (3) High degree of integration of agronomy and agricultural machinery. There will be no upstream resource restrictions during the promotion process, and its supporting facilities, rotary tillers, wheat seeders, and wheat harvesters, can fully meet the technical application. (4) The variety has high market recognition. Good varieties that local companies and farmers are willing to accept.

18. Barriers to technology transfer and promotion

no

19. intellectual property transfer

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, 17 new wheat varieties from our unit were approved by the Gansu Province Variety Committee. Among them, there are 12 winter wheat varieties and 5 spring wheat varieties. All intellectual property rights are owned by the Wheat Research Institute of Gansu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences.