Membrane science and technology involves multi-disciplinary fields such as materials, chemical industry, and environment. It has become one of the common supporting technologies for solving major problems such as energy, water resources, and environment facing mankind. Membrane separation technology and its promotion and application reflect to a certain extent the level of national process industry, energy utilization and environmental protection. This project conducts pioneering research on the structure-activity relationship and control of functional membrane structure-properties, as well as the common basic theoretical issues involved in the preparation and application of new multifunctional composite membranes. The main research results include: 1. Revealing the influence mechanism of nanoparticles on membrane structure-performance. Taking nano-SiO2 and TiO2 as the research objects, the polyvinylidene fluoride-based nanocomposite membrane was prepared by phase inversion method, and surface modification, in-situ synthesis and other methods were studied to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles in the membrane, and the overall performance of the membrane was optimized by adjusting the interaction between nanoparticles and the molecular chains of membrane materials, and the separation performance and pollution resistance of the membrane were improved. Reveal the formation process and performance improvement mechanism of the membrane structure from a microscopic molecular perspective, providing theoretical guidance and practical cases for the development of efficient nanocomposite membranes. 2. The mechanism of nano-filling combined with multiple structure forming control to optimize the surface structure and properties of the film is revealed. The surface and section structure of the film is further optimized by combining nano-filling with multiple film-forming process mechanisms. Using nano-TiO2 as filler, combined with a steam-induced/non-solvent-induced phase separation process, polyethersulfone-TiO2 hollow fiber blend ultrafiltration membrane was prepared to optimize and improve its comprehensive properties. 3. Disclosure of the high-temperature reaction of inorganic nanoparticles to regulate the micro-nano structure of hollow fiber ceramic membranes and its theoretical basis. Based on the reaction of Al2O3-SiO2 and Al2O3-kaolin systems at high temperatures, hollow fiber ceramic membranes were prepared using a combination of phase inversion method and in-situ reactive sintering method. The effects of ceramic membrane preparation process parameters and interactions between particles in the dispersion system on the formation process of membrane micro-nano structures were studied, which provided theoretical guidance for the preparation of hollow fiber ceramic membranes and their applications in high temperature separation and reaction, and expanded the application of separation membranes. 4. A method of electrospinning combined with chemical modification to control the micro-nano structure of superhydrophobic membranes was established. Electrospinning and membrane preparation technology were combined to prepare PVDF/PTFE superhydrophobic nanofiber composite membranes and chemical modification was used to prepare hydrophobic PVA nanofiber membranes. The microporous structure and separation function of nanofibers are utilized to improve the flux and salt retention rate of traditional membrane distillation, and can be applied to brackish water and seawater desalination and high-salt wastewater treatment, providing a new and efficient functional separation membrane. New ideas. 5. Based on the mechanism of controllable preparation of high-efficiency mixed-matrix nanofiltration membranes by introducing nanoparticles into interfacial polymerization, high-performance nanofiltration membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization (pore size 0.5~2 nm) process, we took the lead in introducing a nanoparticle structure to adjust the microscopic molecular aggregation structure of the membrane during the interfacial polymerization process to simultaneously optimize the retention performance and penetration performance of mixed-matrix nanofiltration membranes, providing new ideas for improving the comprehensive performance of nanofiltration membranes. The first person to complete the project was included in more than 190 SCI papers in the "SCIE" database, with a total of 3610 citations. Among them, the total number of SCI citations for 8 representative papers was 1069, and the total number of other citations was 995. Among the 8 representative papers, 2 were selected as ESI highly cited papers, 2 were cited more than 300 times, and a single paper was cited 329 times. Cultivate 75 masters and 30 doctoral students. The first person to complete the project has been selected into the Elsevier list of China highly cited scholars in chemical engineering for five consecutive years from 2014 to 2018. Relevant functional membranes and components prepared under the guidance of this research theory have been widely used in the field of water treatment and have achieved good social and economic benefits.