This project belongs to environmental emergency management technology research in the field of environmental protection. Environmental risk sources have the characteristics of complex chemical compositions and wide distribution. Pollutants caused by leaks, explosions, etc. spread with water flow and the atmosphere and pose serious threats to sensitive targets such as water sources and residential areas; the technical difficulty is how to scientifically predict the environment. Make effective emergency decisions after risks and emergencies. Focusing on the comprehensive response to water and gas environmental risks, this project aims at effective supervision in advance, scientific prediction and judgment during the process, and efficient emergency decision-making, and develops key technologies for risk assessment and early warning decision-making for environmental emergencies.
This project has the following innovations: 1. Establish an emergency environmental risk assessment technology based on the evolution process from environmental risks to environmental accidents. Aiming at the shortcoming of environmental risk assessment methods adopted at home and abroad that only focus on the assessment of the risk source itself, it innovatively proposes to evaluate the environmental risks of enterprises from three aspects: source factor, process factor and receptor factor, and introduces the missing process factors in the general evaluation model to reflect the enterprise's production process and management level, making the assessment of sudden environmental risks of enterprises more scientific; On this basis, the Shanghai Environmental Risk Map is drawn. 2. A risk field and emergency decision model system for the coupling of river network water system, water source area and raw water transmission pipe and canal has been developed. Experimental simulation technology for the coupling process of waterflow-suspended sediments-toxic pollutants has been developed, which solves the problem of difficulty in accurately determining the parameters of chemical transport models in long-distance channels; A multi-scale coupled water flow field and sediment/chemical coupled risk field mathematical model has been developed to characterize the characteristics of different spatial scales of the river network system and water source area, as well as the dynamic adsorption and sedimentation mathematical model of powdered carbon-pollutant by adding powder activated carbon into the raw water transmission channel under the influence of sudden pollution in the water source area, realizing accurate prediction of risk fields and emergency water supply decision support integrating the river network, water source area and water plant. 3. A chemical leakage air pollution risk field and pollution traceability model system have been developed. Based on the characteristics of air masses with different densities, light gas, medium density gas and heavy gas diffusion models for chemical leakage into the atmosphere, as well as pool fire models, jet fire models, fireball models and steam cloud explosion models under fire and explosion conditions have been systematically developed; A traceability model system for sudden air pollution based on real-time online data of meteorology and pollutant concentrations has been developed, which provides a technical method for quickly extrapolating the possible range and source strength of unknown sources in accident emergency situations, and solves the problem of source positioning at limited monitoring points. problem. 4. A digital platform for emergency decision-making for environmental emergencies based on B/S, C/S, and M/S hybrid architectures has been developed. In response to the "peacetime" environmental risk management and "wartime" rapid Incident Response Service decision-making requirements, the "three combinations" of synchronous and asynchronous applications, online and offline services, business data and spatial data have been realized, and the environmental risk source database and the water and gas risk field model system have been effectively integrated, realizing the synchronization of on-site disposal and emergency decision-making analysis of the command platform, and effectively improving the level of environmental emergency decision-making.
Published 28 papers, including 14 SCI and EI papers, authorized 1 invention patent, and authorized 9 computer software copyrights. Won 1 Silver Award for Outstanding Engineering in China Geographic Information Industry (2011) and 1 Zhou Peiyuan Hydrodynamics Award (2012). The environmental emergency management and decision-making system platform has been deployed and applied at the district and county levels such as Shanghai City Environmental Protection Bureau, Minhang District Environmental Protection Bureau, and Minhang District Emergency Linkage Center, providing support for environmental security and emergency response at the World Expo. Two technical guidelines and one technical method have been prepared, including the "Guidelines for the Preparation of Risk Assessment Reports for Environmental Emergencies in Enterprises in Shanghai City (Trial)" and the "Guidelines for the Preparation of Emergency Plans for Environmental Emergencies in Enterprises and Institutions in Shanghai City (Trial)", which were promulgated and implemented by the Shanghai City Environmental Protection Bureau. This project has promoted Shanghai City's environmental emergency management to be at the forefront of the country and has important reference significance for environmental risk prevention in my country.