The scientific and technological field to which this project belongs is the direction of wireless communication in the information field. With the rapid development of ldquo; Internet +rdquo; and mobile Internet, the amount of data carried by wireless mobile networks is experiencing explosive growth. How to match the explosive growth of wireless traffic with limited energy resources has become a new problem. In order to resolve this contradiction, this project is based on the basic theory of green wireless based on the four major compromises, and systematically solves the key issues of energy-efficient wireless transmission from the innovative architecture of wireless networks and key optimization technologies as the entry point. The main results are as follows: 1. A basic theoretical framework for green wireless is proposed based on four major tradeoffs: spectral efficiency-energy efficiency (SE-EE) tradeoff, deployment efficiency-energy efficiency (DE-EE) tradeoff, bandwidth-power (BW-PW) tradeoff, and delay-power (DL-PW) tradeoff. It points out that the spectral efficiency-energy efficiency tradeoff is the most important tradeoff in the theoretical framework and provides an important theoretical basis for the realization of energy-efficient transmission in fifth-generation communication systems. Relevant achievements won the 2017 Major Progress Paper Award in the Field of Communications awarded by IEEE. 2. Systematically pointed out that the method of maximizing spectral efficiency cannot maximize energy efficiency, and proposed an energy-efficient resource management method based on the compromise of spectral efficiency-energy efficiency to enable transmission in uplink and downlink orthogonal frequency division multiplexing environments. Energy efficiency has been improved by more than 100%, and new research directions for energy-efficient transmission technology in new scenarios such as multi-cell and multi-user have been derived. 3. Systematically points out that adopting MAC protocols based on IEEE 802.11 cannot effectively improve the transmission efficiency of multi-hop ad-hoc networks, puts forward key issues that need to be solved to achieve efficient ad-hoc networks, and derives a high-efficiency network based on the data signaling separation mechanism. The energy-efficient network architecture lays the foundation for future communication systems based on the separation of user plane and control plane. Eight representative works (5 highly cited papers on ESI and 2 hot papers on ESI) were cited 1136 times by SCI and 3052 times by Google Academics, with a total of 4093 citations; the highest SCI citation for a single article was 352 times, and the highest impact factor for a single article was 20.230. The project team has published more than 100 papers in this field, with SCI citations exceeding 4000 times and Google Academic citations exceeding 10000 times. The first and second completers were awarded the first batch of national ldquo; Ten Thousand Talents Planrdquo; Leading Talents in Scientific and Technological Innovation and the National ldquo; Thousand Talents Planrdquo; Youth Projects (priority recommendation) respectively. The fifth finisher has been selected as ldquo; Global Highly Cited Scholar rdquo; for four consecutive years. Relevant achievements have been highly praised by more than 100 IEEE Fellow and Academicians and other famous scholars, such as the research by H. The evaluation by V. Poor and others systematically revealed the compromise relationship between energy efficiency and system performance, which was evaluated as an important work by Professor Bhargava, former vice chairman of IEEE and former chairman of IEEE Communications Society, detailing the impact of the compromise relationship on wireless network design. Part of the work was selected for Best Readings of the IEEE Communications Association and was rated as an extremely important work by the association. The author detailed how key network parameters are closely linked through four major tradeoffs, and pointed out that this project's research triggered new ideas for energy-efficient solutions in wireless network architecture and cross-layer design. Using ldquo; GreenTouch; Joint Research Alliance as a platform, the energy efficiency measurement method proposed in this project has become one of the basic evaluation indicators for fifth-generation mobile communication systems.