This project belongs to the field of chemical analysis.
Our country is a major country in toy production and export. About 75% of the toys sold in developed countries such as Europe, the United States, and Japan are produced in China. However, developed countries continue to set up trade barriers on toy safety technology, resulting in the continuous occurrence of toy recall cases in my country, and toy injury cases also occur from time to time, such as lead poisoning in children caused by leaded toys. The EU Toy Safety Standard (2009/48/EC) is considered the strictest toy safety standard in history, restricting the use of 66 allergic fragrances in toy materials for the first time. At the same time, the number of toxic and harmful elements will be increased from 8 to 17, and the limits will be stricter. This project has established rapid detection methods for more than 70 organic substances, 66 sensitizing fragrances and 17 heavy metals in the EU toy safety standards and the speciation analysis of chromium, and established a data analysis system for rapid screening of organic substances, which can provide rapid screening and early warning for hazardous substances restricted in the EU toy safety standards.
Main technological innovation contents:
Comprehensive analysis of the structural, chemical and physical properties of more than 70 organic compounds and 66 allergic fragrances in the EU toy safety standards, proposed a thermal desorption solvent-free sample pretreatment technology, combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry technology, to determine volatile organic compounds, the method solves the problem that 66 fragrances are difficult to separate due to their similar boiling points, quickly analyzed and confirmed in a very short time, and realized automated and online sample processing. Compared with the solvent extraction method, the results were consistent. A NIST library of 66 fragrances was established for the first time, making it easy to use.
An ICP-MS method for the determination of 17 heavy metal elements and an IC-ICP-MS method for the determination of hexavalent chromium and trivalent chromium were established. A series of element standard samples with concentration gradients were self-made and laser ablation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technology were used to quickly screen the content of 16 elements including aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, strontium, and zinc in toy materials. This method solves the problem that the surface coating area of toy samples is small and cannot be detected by traditional scraping methods due to the small sample size. Inspection and supervision of imported toys that cannot be controlled on raw materials are particularly important.
Using GC-MS detection and deconvolution software data analysis, a risk early warning data analysis system for more than 160 harmful substances including the EU reach Directive and 66 allergenic fragrances has been established. The data analysis system can be continuously expanded and improved, achieving overall screening and risk warning of harmful substances in toys and other materials.
Promotion and application situation:
The project's research results provide a fast, simple and accurate screening method to help companies and the inspection and quarantine industry respond to the strictest toy safety standards in history. Novelty search and consultation were conducted by the Shanghai Science and Technology Novelty Search Consulting Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: the comprehensive technology of this project has reached the international advanced level. The project has applied for 4 invention patents, authorized 3 utility model patents, issued 2 inspection and quarantine industry standards, submitted 2 national standards for approval, submitted 4 inspection and quarantine industry standards for approval, submitted 2 inspection and quarantine industry standards for approval, published 1 book, published 3 SCI articles, 1 English article, 8 papers in domestic core journals, 3 physical standard samples, 1 instrument device, and 1 software set. By applying this research results to test toy samples, the Shanghai Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has achieved great economic benefits. The Shanghai Bureau was entrusted by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine to undertake a national random inspection of 66 allergic fragrances in response to the new EU toy directive in 2010. The test results were highly praised by the Inspection Department of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. They were applied by the Shanghai Toy Import and Export Corporation and other units, resulting in huge social benefits.