This project belongs to the fields of vegetable breeding, biotechnology and vegetable cultivation in agricultural science. Thick-skinned melon is the main high-efficiency cash crop cultivated in greenhouse facilities. The domestic and foreign varieties currently planted in production generally have excellent quality, but they have weak disease resistance and are not resistant to high temperatures. They have short storage periods and are prone to premature aging, which affects yield and quality. It takes a long time to select new varieties using conventional breeding methods. This achievement uses the combination of conventional breeding methods and biotechnology means to greatly shorten the breeding time of new varieties, and cultivates new melon varieties that integrate multiple excellent traits such as disease resistance, heat resistance and storage tolerance. 1. Based on routine screening of germplasm resources, this result studied and analyzed more than 200 materials, selected 50 representative materials, and used 172 pairs of SSR primers distributed on 12 chromosomes of melon for analysis. Based on the classification results and field identification, 6 germplasm materials with excellent comprehensive characteristics were obtained. The overwintering ospores of melon powdery mildew were investigated for the first time in Shanghai, and the international common spore differential host system was used to identify the physiological race of the pathogen in Shanghai and named it PM-8. The first molecular marker linkage map with Hami melon blood was constructed using SSR, SRAP, STS and SCAR. Screening and obtaining molecular markers linked to the resistance to powdery mildew and stem blight of melons. Combined with field incidence comparison, the identification rate of powdery mildew resistance reached more than 98%, and the identification rate of resistance to stem blight reached more than 90%. The disease-resistant materials screened using linked molecular markers have been used in variety breeding, and this technology is at the international advanced level. 2. A method for identifying heat resistance of melon seedlings was established. This method was combined with field heat resistance and premature senescence resistance to be tested to obtain heat resistance breeding materials. The coincidence rate between field investigation and seedling research results reached more than 95%. This achievement is in the leading position in China. level. 3. This achievement uses the above-mentioned technologies 1 and 2 to cultivate three varieties of Hami melon "Hami Red", netted melon "Red and Green ZaoCrispy" and "Green Angel" with independent intellectual property rights and excellent comprehensive characteristics, and have been widely used in China., especially suitable for cultivation in the southern region in spring and autumn. Among them,"Hami Red" has better characteristics such as disease resistance, heat resistance, premature aging resistance, and yield than large-scale domestic varieties; netted melons have strong early maturity, and "Red Green Zocrisp" and "Green Angel" are 10-15 days earlier than the variety "Arus", and the storage period is one week longer than the control variety. The three varieties have disease resistance, high yield and strong stress resistance, and their quality is better than that of large-scale domestic varieties. 4. Based on the growth dynamic simulation technology of the main growth and development indicators and morphological indicators of the three varieties, this achievement established a melon growth simulation system, and formulated supporting safe cultivation management technical regulations for the three varieties. 5. Operating procedures for efficient breeding of improved seeds have been established, increasing the yield by 28%, and a molecular marking technology for testing the purity of hybrid seeds has been established, which has greatly improved the purity of hybrid seeds. 6. Since the three varieties were bred, they have been promoted in greenhouse facilities across the country to 285,000 acres. From 2010 to 2012, the promotion area was about 188,000 acres, the output value of melon farmers was 2.406 billion yuan, the new total profit was 626 million yuan, and the net profit from seed sales per unit reached more than 8.6 million yuan. Among them,"Hamihong" has become the Hami melon type variety with the largest area of facility cultivation and application in China, and this achievement has significant social and economic benefits. This achievement has obtained 1 protection right for a new plant variety, 3 varieties have passed the review (recognition) of the Shanghai City Crop Variety Approval Committee, obtained 1 software copyright, applied for 10 patents, and published 51 related papers, including 8 included in SCI.