Since 1992, the Shanghai City People's Government has announced four batches of 632 excellent historical buildings. At the same time, protection plans for 12 historical and cultural areas totaling 27 km2 in the central Urban area were announced, and 32 suburban historical and cultural areas totaling 14 km2 were delineated. In recent years, Shanghai has paid more and more attention to the protection of excellent historical buildings and achieved many results, but it still cannot make breakthroughs on some core issues. Our institute has been committed to research on the protection, repair and reinforcement, and energy-saving technologies of excellent historical buildings in Shanghai. Combined with the scientific research results and engineering practice in recent years, we have made great breakthroughs in the following aspects.
1. Summarize and form technical guidelines on the surveying and mapping procedures, operating procedures, reverse reconstruction and dynamic monitoring methods and matters needing attention of fast, high-precision, non-contact digital surveying and mapping technologies such as photogrammetry and three-dimensional laser scanning in historical buildings., to guide the application of high-tech surveying and mapping technology in the protection of historical buildings.
2. For the water absorption performance, weathering degree, salt content, moisture avoidance layer, and chemical composition of historical building materials of the exterior walls of excellent historical buildings, respectively propose testing methods with practical application significance and form technical guidelines to guide and promote excellent historical buildings. Inspection technology.
3. New safety assessment and seismic assessment methods for excellent historical buildings are proposed. Through the target service period, the load effect is reduced, the reinforcement cost is reduced, the special value of excellent historical buildings is better protected, and the problem between safety and protection is largely solved. contradiction. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for the safety of excellent historical buildings based on hidden danger analysis can realize the safety problems caused by building appendages and non-structural components that cannot be considered in structural theoretical calculations, and ensure the safety of the building on a larger scale, not just the safety of the structure.
4. Develop health monitoring equipment suitable for excellent historical buildings and compile corresponding software. It has the advantages of real-time and automatic collection in conventional settlement and tilt monitoring projects. At the same time, it can carry out crack changes, stress, strain, etc. that cannot be achieved by traditional monitoring methods. Monitoring, more comprehensively grasp the real-time status of the structure. The error between measured values and software theoretical values is less than ±2%.
5. Propose energy-saving measures for historical buildings that are combined with repair measures, such as energy-saving technologies such as envelope energy-saving technologies, lighting energy-saving technologies, energy-saving indoor thermal environment regulation technologies, and hot water supply systems, establish a historical building energy-saving technology and construction technology system, and Develop a quality assurance system for historical building energy-saving projects.
6. Prepare 7 corresponding guidance documents such as guidelines and guidelines, which are highly operable. Pay attention to the transformation of results, promptly apply scientific research results to the protection and repair projects of excellent historical buildings, and make full use of them in the inspection, identification, repair design, reinforcement and restoration of a large number of excellent historical buildings such as the North Building, South Building, and Dongfeng Hotel. The output value reaches as much as 200 million yuan and the profit is tens of millions of yuan. The renovation and energy-saving renovation of Huaihai Apartment, Shanghai Building, and Yangtze Hotel have been completed, achieving the goal of saving energy by 50% for historical buildings and reducing energy consumption by 10% compared with before the renovation.
After identification, reinforcement, protection and repair, and energy-saving renovation, excellent historical buildings can further ensure safety, extend life, and continue their historical, artistic and scientific values. They are important for inheriting the historical context of Shanghai's city, maintaining the characteristics of Shanghai's urban style, and promoting the sustainable development of urban construction is of extremely important and far-reaching significance.
Relevant scientific research results have been applied in relevant standards. Our institute edits the national standard "Technical Specifications for the Restoration of Historical Buildings"(compiled) and the local standard of Shanghai City "Technical Regulations for the Protection and Restoration of Excellent Historical Buildings DG/GJ08 -108-2014"(released). A total of 15 papers were published in this project (1 of which was included in SCI) and 1 book was published.