Aerobic fermentation technology is developed from traditional organic waste composting methods and belongs to the category of solid waste treatment in the fields of energy and environment. It has the advantages of less investment, low energy consumption, and easy management. It is especially suitable for small-scale treatment projects in small towns. The membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation process used in this project is a new type of aerobic fermentation technology. It not only has the general advantages of aerobic fermentation technology, but also makes the product odorless, loose, uniform and stable. Thereby facilitating its transportation, application and subsequent processing.
The technology used in this project combines the traditional compost bin tank reactor with modern membrane technology to establish a new membrane-covered aerobic fermentation reactor, which can not only ensure the hygienic level of the fermentation product, but also ensure that pathogenic microorganisms are effectively killed during the fermentation process, and can also greatly reduce the production of some toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia nitrogen in an aerobic environment. In addition, the introduction of functional membranes effectively prevents harmful gases and odorous substances produced during the fermentation process from diffusing into the fermentation body in the form of aerosols.
One of the key inventions:
By adopting membrane products with relatively mature technology, the operating status of traditional aerobic fermentation processes has been successfully changed. This technology adopts a functional membrane with specially designed micropores. Its semi-permeable function can provide a relatively stable climate environment for the area it covers, so as to ensure the effective diffusion of water vapor and air in the fermentation body, providing the entire aerobic fermentation process to create a suitable environment. Under the action of blowing, a low positive pressure inner cavity will be formed in the fermentation body, keeping the reactor body under a normal state with sufficient oxygen supply and uniform temperature, effectively killing pathogenic microorganisms, making the fermentation product reach safety indicators, and greatly reducing toxic and harmful gas emissions. During the fermentation process, the functional membrane can effectively prevent harmful gases or substances from diffusing into the fermentation body in the form of aerosols, and collect them on the inside of the covering membrane in the form of condensate, allowing them to dissolve in the membrane until they return to the fermentation body. Further decomposition is obtained under the action of microorganisms.
Key invention point 2:
By developing a dedicated gas-liquid separation device, the problem of removing exudate while blowing air was solved. During the composting process, as microorganisms degrade organic matter, organic matter begins to decompose and produce water, which seeps out into the lower part of the pile layer under the action of gravity. In traditional aerobic fermentation, blowing usually adopts a bottom-up mode, which causes leachate to be discharged at the same time during ventilation, resulting in a short circuit in the air. If a water seal device is used, the leachate will easily smell. In view of this, this project has developed a special gas-liquid separation device for this process, which is installed under the reactor. By promptly removing exudate from the reactor, it accelerates the degradation of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms under aerobic conditions. Improve the treatment effect.
Key invention point 3:
Through effective pretreatment of piled materials, supplemented by membrane technology, energy-saving effects are achieved. The energy consumption of aerobic fermentation mainly comes from the oxygen supply and ventilation process of the pile, which is related to the resistance of the pile layer, oxygen utilization rate and the selection of fans. This technology will effectively pre-treat the pile material, which will reduce the particle size and increase the specific surface area, while improving the utilization of oxygen; ultra-low pressure will be formed in the membrane, so that the resistance of the pile material layer in the pile body will be evenly reduced and the gas distribution will be uniform; The supporting special blower control system improves the utilization rate of oxygen, reduces the ventilation amount, and also reduces exhaust gas emissions, with outstanding energy-saving effects.
At present, this technology has directly obtained 3 invention patents and 4 utility model patents, and is applying for 1 utility model patent. It has been successfully applied to sludge treatment projects in Qingpu and other places. After analysis and comparison, the project has achieved sludge treatment effect and odor prevention and control. Good performance. Ventilation power consumption alone reduces the treatment power consumption per ton of sludge from 10kWh to 7kWh, and the final product can be directly used for landscaping, which has good environmental and economic benefits. In addition, this technology can also be applied to the treatment of urban solid organic waste, such as vegetable farm waste, and has broad application prospects.