This project belongs to the discipline field of fluid mechanics. Turbulence is a common form of fluid motion, and buoyancy driven turbulence is a typical basic turbulence type. It is the source of most large-scale flow phenomena in the Earth, planets and stars, and it controls the transport of matter and energy in the atmosphere, oceans and mantle. This project conducted in-depth research on the core issues of buoyancy driven turbulence, obtained a series of original research results, and gained new understanding and understanding of turbulence mechanism. 1. Propose a dynamic boundary layer reconstruction method to reveal the influence of turbulent structures on transport. The Prandt-Blasius (PB) theory proposed in 1908 is the most classic boundary layer model in fluid mechanics, but this model is not suitable for thermal turbulence. Dynamic boundary layers with strong coupling of velocity and temperature. This project proposes a dynamic reconstruction method for the boundary layer, which extends the static PB theory to the dynamic form, thereby realizing the quantitative characterization of the thermal turbulence boundary layer and providing a key foundation for the establishment of a thermal turbulence theoretical model. In addition, this result also reveals the influence of geometric constraints and large-scale turbulent structures on the overall heat transfer efficiency of the system. Professor Grossmann, academician of the German Academy of Sciences and winner of the Max Middot;Planck Prize, believes that the achievement ldquo; confirms that PB theory is indeed suitable for describing the dynamics of thermal convective boundary layers rdquo; Professor Verzicco, deputy editor-in-chief of JFM, commented ldquo; The boundary layer theory better conforms to the results obtained using the dynamic reconstruction method rdquo; Professor Lohse, a foreign academician of the American Academy of Engineering and winner of the Batchelor Prize of the International Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, used results consistent with the data of this project to verify the reliability of their calculation method. The representative works supporting this discovery point are 1, 3, and 5. 2. Experiments have proved that the ldquo;EA model rdquo; spatio-temporal correlation of turbulence reflects the coupled statistical characteristics of time and spatial scale of turbulence structure. Its ldquo;EA model rdquo; is a milestone in the field of turbulence, but it has not yet been experimentally proven. This project uses Rayleigh-Bernard turbulent thermal convection as the model system. The first experiment proves the correctness of the turbulence ldquo;EA model rdquo; and reveals the basic laws of spatio-temporal correlation of thermal turbulence. Professor He Guowei, academician of China Academy of Sciences, believes that this achievement proves the turbulence EA model rdquo; for the first time in systematic experiments in turbulent thermal convection. Supporting this discovery point is masterpiece 2. 3. Reveal the scale evolution of the buoyancy turbulent structure The turbulent structure controls the transport and dynamic processes of turbulence. Understanding the role of the turbulent structure in the energy cascade process of the system is the key to understanding the physical mechanism of buoyancy driven turbulence. This project proposes a local dissipative scale theoretical model of buoyancy driven turbulence, which reveals the universal statistical laws that the turbulent structure satisfies near the dissipative scale; clarifies the scale balance relationship between buoyancy and inertial force, and quantitatively gives the buoyancy driven. Physical image of the energy cascade. Professor Law, a member of the American Academy of Engineering, cited this result as a representative result of Rayleigh-Taylor turbulence; Professor Pollard, a member of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, believed that this result verified the universal characteristics of small-scale pulsations in different types of flows. The representative works supporting this discovery point are 4, 6, 7, and 8. Representative work 8 was selected as the cover article of PoF, a top journal in the field of fluid mechanics. Completed one Science Fund project for Outstanding Young People (Excellent Youth) and one key project of the National Foundation of China, and approved one National Science Fund project for Outstanding Young People (Outstanding Youth).